Motivation and Emotion Essay

MotivationThe process by which activities ar started, directed, and continued so that material or psychological needs or wants are met. Came from the Latin word movere which means to move Two Kinds of Motivation1. Intrinsic Motivation occurs when people act because the act itself is satisfying or rewarding (e.g. charity). 2. extraneous Motivation occurs when people receive an external reward for the act (e.g. money). Approaches to Motivation1. Instinct Approach proposes that some human actions may be motivated by instincts (e.g. m other(a)ly instinct, survival instinct). 2. Drive reduction Approach when an organism has a need, the need leads to psychological tenseness that motivates the organism to act fulfilling the need and reducing the tension (e.g. residuum). 3. Arousal Approach a person has an optimal level of arousal to maintain (sensation elatekers). 4. Incentive Approach an external stimulant drug may be so rewarding that it motivates a person to act toward that stimulus rather than another stimulus or to satisfy a drive Maslows Hierarchy of necessitate (Abraham Maslow)Self Determination Theory (Edward Deci & Richard Ryan)Biological Basis of HungerLateral Hypothalamus gives off the biological feeling of hunger. Ventromedial Hypothalamus causes a person to feel full.Digestive form the stomach and intestines send nerve and impulses to the brain to recognize that they are already full. Glucose it is what pabulum is converted to also called blood sugar if the glucose is low, it increases a persons hunger, if it is high, it decreases it. What motivates you to take in?the most common reason why people eat is due to stress and problems, other reasons may be of culture and tradition since other foods which are not considered edible in one country is considered a delicacy in another (such as insects). Eating Disordersgroup of condition delineate by abnormal eating habits that may involve either insufficient or excessive food intake to detri ment ones physical and mental healthAnorexia Nervosa a condition which reduces eating to a point that a heaviness loss of 15% below the ideal body weight or more occurs (under eating). Bulimia Nervosa a condition in which a person develops a cycle of binging or overeating enormous amount of food at one sitting, and purging or deliberately vomiting after eating (overeating). Causes of Eating DisordersThese include depression, substance (drug) abuse, family history (heredity), difficult relationships with family and friends, stress, being overly concerned with being slim. Warning Signsthese are the signs that could result the person to have an eating disordermissing mealscomplaining about being fatrefusing to eat at restaurantscooking feasts but not eating the food preparedrepeatedly checking weightEmotion the feeling aspect of consciousness and include physical, behavioral and subjective componentsPhysical increase in heart rate, rapid breathing, dilation of pupils, dryness of m outh, fidgeting Behavioral facial expressions, body movements and actions Subjective kindle, fear, happiness, and sadness James-Lange Theory real by William James and Carl Lange states that a stimulus creates a physiological response that then leads to the labeling of the emotion event arousal interpretation emotion I see a snake muscle tenses, heart races feel nervous and scared Canon-Bard Theory developed by Walter Canon and Philip Bard states that emotions are felt primary given a specific stimulus followed by a physiological change event simultaneous arousal and emotionI see a snake feel nervous and scared muscle tenses, heart races Lazarus Theory developed by Richard Lazarus states that a person decides what to feel depending on how he interprets an instigating stimulus or event event thinking simultaneous arousal and emotion coworker gets promoted think that you should have been the one promoted feel bitterNegative Emotionsfearangerguiltdepressionhorrorpridejealousyenvyregr etsadgriefself-pityanxietyresentfuldenialHow to become happy lasting happiness does not come from successtake control of your timesmileseek activities that engage ones skillsget movingget necessary sleepprioritize relationshipsfocus beyond the selfmake a gratitude journalnurture your spiritual self